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Fifth, the US findings from this study may not apply to other countries

And many e-cigarette products contain questionable ingredients other than nicotine, such as formaldehyde

Complementary and alternative medicine recommendations for depression: a systematic review and assessment of clinical practice guidelines

Therefore, our findings support the need for stringent ENDS regulations, including comprehensive testing and standardized guidelines for manufacturing and marketing, alongside public health campaigns to educate users about the potential risks of ENDS, emphasizing that they are not necessarily safe for individuals with compromised lung health

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