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This phenomenon is known as induced systemic resistance (ISR) (Pieterse et al., The induction of GST genes or elevated GST activities has often been observed in plants treated with beneficial bacteria (Hassan et al., Pseudomonas fluorescens to the phyllosphere of an apple scab-susceptible apple ( Malus domestica ) cultivar led to the up-regulation of genes encoding proteins participating in pathogen recognition, signaling and antimicrobial defense such as PR-proteins, thioredoxin-like proteins, heat shock proteins and a GST (Krkcoglu et al., P
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P., and Chen, J
1 Antioxidant properties Bioactive compounds, such as vitamin C, polyphenols, and tannins, present in amla effectively neutralize reactive oxygen species (ROS), including superoxide anions, hydroxyl free radicals, nitric oxide (NO), and malondialdehyde (MDA)