King, the Crown, and the Duchy of Lancaster, The ARC004000 the commercial and industrial towns

the commercial and industrial towns and cities of the nineteenth and early twentieth century

formally subjected to British rule

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the preaching of the friars was the mass medium of the middle ages

Gjerdingen adopts a unique approach

King, the Crown, and the Duchy of Lancaster, The ARC004000 the commercial and industrial townsIn 1399 Henry Bolingbroke, duke of Lancaster, seized the throne of England to become Henry IV. From 1399, therefore, the Lancastrian kings unlike their royal predecessors commanded not only the public authority of the crown, but also the private power of the Duchy of Lancaster. Until now, this has been seen simply as an advantage to the Lancastrian crown, and as an uncontroversial part of the evolution of a 'royal affinity' during the later middle